SYMPTOMS
They may also be present without producing any symptoms and no significant renal damage. In general, the smaller stones are dangerous because they can go in ureter causing a painful attack (one of the most intense forms of pain), known as renal colic, and, while urethral obstruction. Calculations larger cannot penetrate into the ureters and most likely to remain silent in the renal pelvis. Commonly they make posters for the first time with the onset of colic and characterized by pain that is not limited to the lumbar region radiating from this but the epigrammatic, umbilicus, groin, to the testis (or big lip), the sacroiliac joint region, more rarely, to the buttock, thigh and heel along the course of the sciatic nerve.
.... continue down the page with the diagnosis and therapy
DIAGNOSIS
In some cases, the complaints of the patient are unclear, but in others the symptoms of liaise are already so evident as to allow immediate diagnosis. The clinical picture leaves no room for doubt when disorders are directly related to the issuance of one or more calculations in the urine. It can happen that a patient with "back pain" is not better defined both suddenly seized by a typical urethral colic and with this issue 'sand renal' or 'gravel', consisting of minute concretions acid or oxalate or undo calcium phosphate. Sometimes the calculation remains dormant until such time as a radiological examination performed for other indications (usually referred pains in the lumbar spine) reveals the unexpected presence. Even in such cases, the latency of non и absolute rule: a discrete and inconstant, especially if limited to working hours, can get easily confused with the common back, but suddenly acquires a different meaning if the examination of urinary sediment shows the presence of. In fact и stones remains very unlikely that a long-ignored without complicated by suppuration, albeit discreet, or just the cup of the pelvis in which the calculation is hidden. By extension, therefore each of unclear origin requires imperatively the finding. When you are recognized the presence of one or more kidney stones, especially if they have not given complication, difficult to predict which in the near future with or without the disease. The sheer size of the calculations do not constitute a sufficient basis for formulating a prognosis: in fact there are conspicuous concretions that live long tolerated, while other smaller can be an immediate threat to the kidneys if they are complicated by or block the entrance to septic ureter.
THERAPY
The kidney and ureter can be treated in some cases with extra corporeal shock wave lithography, with which they are cut into smaller elements, which are excreted through the urine. Or, if they are large, require surgical treatment. In the event that started the septic complications, the supportive process, despite antibiotics and chemotherapy, can hardly be solved completely if the calculation remains in office: he thus begins a tale of chronic and transient improvement of exacerbations, which gradually leads. extension, therefore, of crucial importance for the prognosis the timeliness of surgery intended to remove the calculus and to drain, when necessary, the source of infection. The surgery of kidney stones should act as the first finality preservation of the kidney, through actions that can extract with a minimum damage calculations located in the pelvis and in the glasses. This conservative criterion cannot always put into practice and becomes impractical especially when the operator is in the presence of septic complications which have already led to serious and irreversible deterioration of the renal parenchyma. This does not take away but the principle that the validity for liaise nephrectomy should only be performed in cases of absolute necessity
They may also be present without producing any symptoms and no significant renal damage. In general, the smaller stones are dangerous because they can go in ureter causing a painful attack (one of the most intense forms of pain), known as renal colic, and, while urethral obstruction. Calculations larger cannot penetrate into the ureters and most likely to remain silent in the renal pelvis. Commonly they make posters for the first time with the onset of colic and characterized by pain that is not limited to the lumbar region radiating from this but the epigrammatic, umbilicus, groin, to the testis (or big lip), the sacroiliac joint region, more rarely, to the buttock, thigh and heel along the course of the sciatic nerve.
.... continue down the page with the diagnosis and therapy
DIAGNOSIS
In some cases, the complaints of the patient are unclear, but in others the symptoms of liaise are already so evident as to allow immediate diagnosis. The clinical picture leaves no room for doubt when disorders are directly related to the issuance of one or more calculations in the urine. It can happen that a patient with "back pain" is not better defined both suddenly seized by a typical urethral colic and with this issue 'sand renal' or 'gravel', consisting of minute concretions acid or oxalate or undo calcium phosphate. Sometimes the calculation remains dormant until such time as a radiological examination performed for other indications (usually referred pains in the lumbar spine) reveals the unexpected presence. Even in such cases, the latency of non и absolute rule: a discrete and inconstant, especially if limited to working hours, can get easily confused with the common back, but suddenly acquires a different meaning if the examination of urinary sediment shows the presence of. In fact и stones remains very unlikely that a long-ignored without complicated by suppuration, albeit discreet, or just the cup of the pelvis in which the calculation is hidden. By extension, therefore each of unclear origin requires imperatively the finding. When you are recognized the presence of one or more kidney stones, especially if they have not given complication, difficult to predict which in the near future with or without the disease. The sheer size of the calculations do not constitute a sufficient basis for formulating a prognosis: in fact there are conspicuous concretions that live long tolerated, while other smaller can be an immediate threat to the kidneys if they are complicated by or block the entrance to septic ureter.
THERAPY
The kidney and ureter can be treated in some cases with extra corporeal shock wave lithography, with which they are cut into smaller elements, which are excreted through the urine. Or, if they are large, require surgical treatment. In the event that started the septic complications, the supportive process, despite antibiotics and chemotherapy, can hardly be solved completely if the calculation remains in office: he thus begins a tale of chronic and transient improvement of exacerbations, which gradually leads. extension, therefore, of crucial importance for the prognosis the timeliness of surgery intended to remove the calculus and to drain, when necessary, the source of infection. The surgery of kidney stones should act as the first finality preservation of the kidney, through actions that can extract with a minimum damage calculations located in the pelvis and in the glasses. This conservative criterion cannot always put into practice and becomes impractical especially when the operator is in the presence of septic complications which have already led to serious and irreversible deterioration of the renal parenchyma. This does not take away but the principle that the validity for liaise nephrectomy should only be performed in cases of absolute necessity
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